Overview
Table of Contents
OP_RETURN Snapshot
OP_RETURN Outputs Created
238,518,565
Payload (all)
5.03 GB
Height
958,441
Last Data Update
2026-07-17 18:28:28 UTC
First observed OP_RETURN
2013-03-29 14:18:58 UTC @
228,596
Last observed OP_RETURN
2026-07-17 18:27:58 UTC @
958,441
First observed payload >= 224 B
2013-11-05 11:23:00 UTC @
268,060
Last observed payload >= 224 B
2026-07-17 15:43:17 UTC @
958,432
Scanned blocks
958,442
Scanned Txs
1,398,810,302
(*) Tx = transaction in that block with the highest OP_RETURN payload. If tied, first transaction in block order is used.
Size Metrics
OP_RETURN payload (all)
5.03 GB
Payload in txs with >= 224 B
7.02 MB (7,015,588 B)
Payload share from txs with >= 224 B
OP_RETURN data (script)
5.71 GB
OP_RETURN output serialized
7.86 GB
Payload push overhead
684.76 MB
Definition for >=224 B metrics: a Tx qualifies if it has at least one OP_RETURN output payload >= 224 bytes.
Output Metrics
OP_RETURN outputs created
238,518,565
Outputs with payload >= 224 B
3,436
Output share >= 224 B
Txs with OP_RETURN
237,886,252
Total Tx outputs
3,831,507,280
Non-OP_RETURN outputs
3,592,988,715
OP_RETURN tx share
Time Series
OP_RETURN Data by Year
Payload bytes
Push overhead bytes
Y-axis: GB per year
By Year
CSV| Year | OP_RETURN Outputs | TXs with OP_RETURN | Payload | Script | Avg payload/output | Share | Max Payload | Blocks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 57,078,418 | 56,989,484 | 951.50 MB | 1.12 GB | 16.7 B | 18.926 % | 184 KB | 28,101 |
| 2025 | 44,342,296 | 44,190,163 | 751.00 MB | 881.89 MB | 16.9 B | 14.938 % | 985 KB | 53,082 |
| 2024 | 83,164,438 | 83,087,898 | 563.37 MB | 811.52 MB | 6.8 B | 11.206 % | 80 KB | 53,473 |
| 2023 | 1,927,691 | 1,879,343 | 69.96 MB | 75.61 MB | 36.3 B | 1.391 % | 80 B | 53,999 |
| 2022 | 1,943,342 | 1,873,832 | 127.00 MB | 132.11 MB | 65.3 B | 2.526 % | 80 B | 53,188 |
| 2021 | 2,949,557 | 2,868,415 | 162.08 MB | 169.49 MB | 54.9 B | 3.224 % | 80 B | 52,686 |
| 2020 | 7,915,402 | 7,845,311 | 442.95 MB | 463.42 MB | 56.0 B | 8.811 % | 86 B | 53,222 |
| 2019 | 28,398,777 | 28,360,598 | 1.55 GB | 1.63 GB | 54.7 B | 30.907 % | 80 B | 54,232 |
| 2018 | 6,795,367 | 6,788,399 | 302.89 MB | 319.09 MB | 44.6 B | 6.025 % | 80 B | 54,498 |
| 2017 | 2,254,393 | 2,253,947 | 63.03 MB | 67.55 MB | 28.0 B | 1.254 % | 80 B | 55,928 |
| 2016 | 1,080,837 | 1,080,819 | 31.04 MB | 33.21 MB | 28.7 B | 0.617 % | 80 B | 54,851 |
| 2015 | 654,756 | 654,754 | 8.51 MB | 9.53 MB | 13.0 B | 0.169 % | 80 B | 54,321 |
| 2014 | 12,851 | 12,849 | 358.01 KB | 383.79 KB | 27.9 B | 0.007 % | 186 B | 58,865 |
| 2013 | 440 | 440 | 18.48 KB | 19.39 KB | 42.0 B | 0.000 % | 983 B | 63,433 |
| 2012 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 B | 0.00 B | 0.0 B | 0.000 % | 0 B | 54,526 |
| 2011 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 B | 0.00 B | 0.0 B | 0.000 % | 0 B | 59,627 |
| 2010 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 B | 0.00 B | 0.0 B | 0.000 % | 0 B | 67,920 |
| 2009 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 B | 0.00 B | 0.0 B | 0.000 % | 0 B | 32,490 |
By Subsidy Epoch
CSV| Epoch | OP_RETURN Outputs | TXs with OP_RETURN | Payload | Script | Avg payload/output | Share | Max Payload | Blocks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Epoch 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 B | 0.00 B | 0.0 B | 0.000 % | 0 B | 210,000 |
| Epoch 2 | 1,170,602 | 1,170,598 | 22.32 MB | 24.38 MB | 19.1 B | 0.444 % | 983 B | 210,000 |
| Epoch 3 | 42,726,155 | 42,654,440 | 2.22 GB | 2.33 GB | 51.9 B | 44.118 % | 80 B | 210,000 |
| Epoch 4 | 11,311,356 | 11,041,938 | 556.29 MB | 586.09 MB | 49.2 B | 11.065 % | 8 KB | 210,000 |
| Epoch 5 | 183,310,452 | 183,019,276 | 2.23 GB | 2.78 GB | 12.2 B | 44.374 % | 985 KB | 118,442 |
OP_RETURN Outputs by Year
OP_RETURN outputs
Y-axis: count per year
Average OP_RETURN Output Size (Payload Bytes) by Year
Y-axis: bytes per output (year)
Distribution
Bucket Distribution (log scale)
Bar length uses log10(count + 1) so long-tail buckets remain visible.
Payload Buckets
CSV| Bucket | Count | Share | First Seen (UTC) | First Height |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 512,920 | 0.2150 % | 2013-03-29 14:18:58 UTC | 228,596 |
| 1-40 | 204,032,866 | 85.5417 % | 2013-03-29 14:18:58 UTC | 228,596 |
| 41-75 | 5,813,283 | 2.4372 % | 2013-10-29 22:11:04 UTC | 266,766 |
| 76-80 | 28,132,334 | 11.7946 % | 2013-11-05 11:23:00 UTC | 268,060 |
| 81-223 | 23,726 | 0.0099 % | 2013-07-03 15:48:33 UTC | 244,591 |
| 224-255 | 1,496 | 0.0006 % | 2024-02-09 09:29:28 UTC | 829,644 |
| 256-1000 | 1,393 | 0.0006 % | 2013-11-05 11:23:00 UTC | 268,060 |
| 1001-10000 | 478 | 0.0002 % | 2024-01-26 21:44:26 UTC | 827,529 |
| 10001-20000 | 24 | 0.0000 % | 2024-10-30 16:52:39 UTC | 868,113 |
| 20001-40000 | 17 | 0.0000 % | 2024-11-18 03:26:28 UTC | 870,805 |
| 40001-60000 | 4 | 0.0000 % | 2024-11-18 00:31:51 UTC | 870,787 |
| 60001-80000 | 4 | 0.0000 % | 2024-11-17 06:59:15 UTC | 870,683 |
| 80001-100000 | 17 | 0.0000 % | 2025-05-10 09:14:50 UTC | 896,088 |
| 100001-200000 | 1 | 0.0000 % | 2026-05-18 18:30:04 UTC | 949,973 |
| 200001-300000 | 0 | 0.0000 % | – | – |
| 300001-400000 | 0 | 0.0000 % | – | – |
| 400001-500000 | 0 | 0.0000 % | – | – |
| 500001-600000 | 0 | 0.0000 % | – | – |
| 600001-700000 | 0 | 0.0000 % | – | – |
| 700001-800000 | 0 | 0.0000 % | – | – |
| 800001-900000 | 0 | 0.0000 % | – | – |
| 900001-1000000 | 2 | 0.0000 % | 2025-05-14 16:36:24 UTC | 896,696 |
| >1000000 | 0 | 0.0000 % | – | – |
Deep Dive
Record Milestones Timeline
Record max payload
Record max OP_RETURN outputs per tx
Milestones
CSV| Height | Time (UTC) | Type | Label | Transaction | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 870,787 | 2024-11-18 00:31:51 UTC | First in bucket 40001-60000 | First OP_RETURN payload in bucket 40001-60000 | 2b72...a8a9 | – |
| 870,683 | 2024-11-17 06:59:15 UTC | Record max payload | New record: max OP_RETURN payload bytes | fd3c...53bc | 79,870 |
| 870,683 | 2024-11-17 06:59:15 UTC | First in bucket 60001-80000 | First OP_RETURN payload in bucket 60001-80000 | fd3c...53bc | – |
| 868,113 | 2024-10-30 16:52:39 UTC | Record max payload | New record: max OP_RETURN payload bytes | 2e33...8b93 | 18,121 |
| 868,113 | 2024-10-30 16:52:39 UTC | First in bucket 10001-20000 | First OP_RETURN payload in bucket 10001-20000 | 2e33...8b93 | – |
| 829,644 | 2024-02-09 09:29:28 UTC | First in bucket 224-255 | First OP_RETURN payload in bucket 224-255 | 6e24...71ce | – |
| 827,668 | 2024-01-27 17:41:31 UTC | Record max payload | New record: max OP_RETURN payload bytes | 4719...5754 | 7,588 |
| 827,541 | 2024-01-26 23:15:07 UTC | Record max payload | New record: max OP_RETURN payload bytes | 33a2...e701 | 7,304 |
| 827,529 | 2024-01-26 21:44:26 UTC | Record max payload | New record: max OP_RETURN payload bytes | 8c9f...921b | 3,025 |
| 827,529 | 2024-01-26 21:44:26 UTC | First in bucket 1001-10000 | First OP_RETURN payload in bucket 1001-10000 | 8c9f...921b | – |
Large Payload
Large Payload Activity by Month
TX count (payload >= 224 bytes)
Max payload in month (log scale)
Bars show monthly transaction count. Line shows monthly maximum payload size.
Payload Size Over Time (log scale)
Each point is one transaction with OP_RETURN payload >= 224 bytes.
Payload Size Distribution
Histogram buckets for transactions with OP_RETURN payload >= 224 bytes.
Top 20 Largest Payload Transactions with payload >= 224 bytes
Top transactions by maximum OP_RETURN payload bytes in tx.
Transactions with OP_RETURN payload >= 224 bytes
CSV| Height | Time (UTC) | Type | Label | Transaction | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 926,140 | 2025-12-02 13:48:11 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 82,560 bytes | 87ab...7dbd | 82,560 |
| 926,140 | 2025-12-02 13:48:11 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 82,560 bytes | ac5b...a655 | 82,560 |
| 926,140 | 2025-12-02 13:48:11 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 82,558 bytes | baca...d5f8 | 82,558 |
| 926,139 | 2025-12-02 13:42:01 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 82,547 bytes | 00b8...5c04 | 82,547 |
| 926,139 | 2025-12-02 13:42:01 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 82,549 bytes | 5511...f9b9 | 82,549 |
| 926,139 | 2025-12-02 13:42:01 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 82,546 bytes | b8b0...d571 | 82,546 |
| 926,139 | 2025-12-02 13:42:01 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 82,566 bytes | cf15...72c8 | 82,566 |
| 926,139 | 2025-12-02 13:42:01 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 82,559 bytes | e4a5...7204 | 82,559 |
| 926,139 | 2025-12-02 13:42:01 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 82,558 bytes | ebb1...3e8e | 82,558 |
| 926,050 | 2025-12-01 20:29:19 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 15,242 bytes | 0bc7...5cbc | 15,242 |
| 925,767 | 2025-11-29 22:57:09 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 490 bytes | 6524...849c | 490 |
| 925,659 | 2025-11-29 04:26:59 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 70,878 bytes | 02b6...aac2 | 70,878 |
| 925,584 | 2025-11-28 17:21:52 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 34,142 bytes | 0ae2...5a28 | 34,142 |
| 925,418 | 2025-11-27 13:43:18 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 257 bytes | 5987...76f7 | 257 |
| 925,158 | 2025-11-25 19:35:38 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 1,498 bytes | 44a7...eab4 | 1,498 |
| 924,616 | 2025-11-21 21:37:24 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 546 bytes | fdc8...147e | 546 |
| 924,377 | 2025-11-20 04:29:55 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 706 bytes | afe4...0a07 | 706 |
| 924,278 | 2025-11-19 10:52:23 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 233 bytes | 1228...3e42 | 233 |
| 924,127 | 2025-11-18 07:42:56 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 9,189 bytes | 6e19...ad18 | 9,189 |
| 924,096 | 2025-11-18 02:12:00 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 414 bytes | b8b0...3d50 | 414 |
| 923,873 | 2025-11-16 11:24:51 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 2,395 bytes | 4e24...f1e1 | 2,395 |
| 923,702 | 2025-11-15 06:51:45 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 11,379 bytes | c51b...0970 | 11,379 |
| 923,575 | 2025-11-14 10:34:08 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 726 bytes | 9438...9ce7 | 726 |
| 923,539 | 2025-11-14 03:37:06 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 86,820 bytes | eaf4...f968 | 86,820 |
| 923,154 | 2025-11-11 13:12:17 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 406 bytes | 266f...e381 | 406 |
| 923,154 | 2025-11-11 13:12:17 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 438 bytes | 2a61...5f81 | 438 |
| 923,154 | 2025-11-11 13:12:17 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 438 bytes | 8cff...9634 | 438 |
| 923,154 | 2025-11-11 13:12:17 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 470 bytes | ae08...d5c7 | 470 |
| 922,813 | 2025-11-09 03:37:58 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 4,563 bytes | 56f0...3dc1 | 4,563 |
| 922,585 | 2025-11-07 10:31:27 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 10,498 bytes | 3748...35d0 | 10,498 |
| 922,503 | 2025-11-06 17:54:54 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 13,434 bytes | c83e...13f9 | 13,434 |
| 922,306 | 2025-11-05 08:41:44 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 686 bytes | cedd...59f1 | 686 |
| 922,118 | 2025-11-04 00:08:51 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 4,086 bytes | cd22...9d63 | 4,086 |
| 922,071 | 2025-11-03 16:43:07 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 911 bytes | 9070...bb0a | 911 |
| 922,055 | 2025-11-03 13:51:08 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 911 bytes | 03a1...2b79 | 911 |
| 922,055 | 2025-11-03 13:51:08 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 911 bytes | f5de...1e20 | 911 |
| 921,988 | 2025-11-03 01:47:06 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 29,620 bytes | ae0d...dfc2 | 29,620 |
| 921,951 | 2025-11-02 20:05:17 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 9,280 bytes | b6ef...a5b0 | 9,280 |
| 921,837 | 2025-11-02 02:31:28 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 15,547 bytes | 18ae...832f | 15,547 |
| 921,283 | 2025-10-29 05:19:54 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 465 bytes | 6ea3...574d | 465 |
| 921,283 | 2025-10-29 05:19:54 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 467 bytes | e845...7fd6 | 467 |
| 921,133 | 2025-10-28 06:17:27 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 97,338 bytes | 976e...e3a3 | 97,338 |
| 920,922 | 2025-10-26 19:31:29 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 251 bytes | 5c16...371e | 251 |
| 920,826 | 2025-10-26 04:03:10 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 251 bytes | 57b6...d88f | 251 |
| 920,818 | 2025-10-26 03:39:09 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 9,672 bytes | 7c65...8d99 | 9,672 |
| 920,818 | 2025-10-26 03:39:09 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 9,672 bytes | d974...2e4a | 9,672 |
| 920,788 | 2025-10-25 21:10:48 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 381 bytes | f8dd...6e23 | 381 |
| 920,779 | 2025-10-25 20:13:34 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 1,161 bytes | 0d59...c812 | 1,161 |
| 920,778 | 2025-10-25 20:07:03 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 21,631 bytes | 4a98...df12 | 21,631 |
| 920,778 | 2025-10-25 20:07:03 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 14,620 bytes | 8442...50a0 | 14,620 |