Overview
Table of Contents
OP_RETURN Snapshot
OP_RETURN Outputs Created
238,517,956
Payload (all)
5.03 GB
Height
958,439
Last Data Update
2026-07-17 17:22:46 UTC
First observed OP_RETURN
2013-03-29 14:18:58 UTC @
228,596
Last observed OP_RETURN
2026-07-17 17:28:29 UTC @
958,439
First observed payload >= 224 B
2013-11-05 11:23:00 UTC @
268,060
Last observed payload >= 224 B
2026-07-17 15:43:17 UTC @
958,432
Scanned blocks
958,440
Scanned Txs
1,398,802,118
(*) Tx = transaction in that block with the highest OP_RETURN payload. If tied, first transaction in block order is used.
Size Metrics
OP_RETURN payload (all)
5.03 GB
Payload in txs with >= 224 B
7.02 MB (7,015,588 B)
Payload share from txs with >= 224 B
OP_RETURN data (script)
5.71 GB
OP_RETURN output serialized
7.86 GB
Payload push overhead
684.76 MB
Definition for >=224 B metrics: a Tx qualifies if it has at least one OP_RETURN output payload >= 224 bytes.
Output Metrics
OP_RETURN outputs created
238,517,956
Outputs with payload >= 224 B
3,436
Output share >= 224 B
Txs with OP_RETURN
237,885,649
Total Tx outputs
3,831,481,015
Non-OP_RETURN outputs
3,592,963,059
OP_RETURN tx share
Time Series
OP_RETURN Data by Year
Payload bytes
Push overhead bytes
Y-axis: GB per year
By Year
CSV| Year | OP_RETURN Outputs | TXs with OP_RETURN | Payload | Script | Avg payload/output | Share | Max Payload | Blocks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 57,077,809 | 56,988,881 | 951.48 MB | 1.12 GB | 16.7 B | 18.926 % | 184 KB | 28,099 |
| 2025 | 44,342,296 | 44,190,163 | 751.00 MB | 881.89 MB | 16.9 B | 14.938 % | 985 KB | 53,082 |
| 2024 | 83,164,438 | 83,087,898 | 563.37 MB | 811.52 MB | 6.8 B | 11.206 % | 80 KB | 53,473 |
| 2023 | 1,927,691 | 1,879,343 | 69.96 MB | 75.61 MB | 36.3 B | 1.391 % | 80 B | 53,999 |
| 2022 | 1,943,342 | 1,873,832 | 127.00 MB | 132.11 MB | 65.3 B | 2.526 % | 80 B | 53,188 |
| 2021 | 2,949,557 | 2,868,415 | 162.08 MB | 169.49 MB | 54.9 B | 3.224 % | 80 B | 52,686 |
| 2020 | 7,915,402 | 7,845,311 | 442.95 MB | 463.42 MB | 56.0 B | 8.811 % | 86 B | 53,222 |
| 2019 | 28,398,777 | 28,360,598 | 1.55 GB | 1.63 GB | 54.7 B | 30.907 % | 80 B | 54,232 |
| 2018 | 6,795,367 | 6,788,399 | 302.89 MB | 319.09 MB | 44.6 B | 6.025 % | 80 B | 54,498 |
| 2017 | 2,254,393 | 2,253,947 | 63.03 MB | 67.55 MB | 28.0 B | 1.254 % | 80 B | 55,928 |
| 2016 | 1,080,837 | 1,080,819 | 31.04 MB | 33.21 MB | 28.7 B | 0.617 % | 80 B | 54,851 |
| 2015 | 654,756 | 654,754 | 8.51 MB | 9.53 MB | 13.0 B | 0.169 % | 80 B | 54,321 |
| 2014 | 12,851 | 12,849 | 358.01 KB | 383.79 KB | 27.9 B | 0.007 % | 186 B | 58,865 |
| 2013 | 440 | 440 | 18.48 KB | 19.39 KB | 42.0 B | 0.000 % | 983 B | 63,433 |
| 2012 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 B | 0.00 B | 0.0 B | 0.000 % | 0 B | 54,526 |
| 2011 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 B | 0.00 B | 0.0 B | 0.000 % | 0 B | 59,627 |
| 2010 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 B | 0.00 B | 0.0 B | 0.000 % | 0 B | 67,920 |
| 2009 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 B | 0.00 B | 0.0 B | 0.000 % | 0 B | 32,490 |
By Subsidy Epoch
CSV| Epoch | OP_RETURN Outputs | TXs with OP_RETURN | Payload | Script | Avg payload/output | Share | Max Payload | Blocks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Epoch 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 B | 0.00 B | 0.0 B | 0.000 % | 0 B | 210,000 |
| Epoch 2 | 1,170,602 | 1,170,598 | 22.32 MB | 24.38 MB | 19.1 B | 0.444 % | 983 B | 210,000 |
| Epoch 3 | 42,726,155 | 42,654,440 | 2.22 GB | 2.33 GB | 51.9 B | 44.118 % | 80 B | 210,000 |
| Epoch 4 | 11,311,356 | 11,041,938 | 556.29 MB | 586.09 MB | 49.2 B | 11.065 % | 8 KB | 210,000 |
| Epoch 5 | 183,309,843 | 183,018,673 | 2.23 GB | 2.78 GB | 12.2 B | 44.373 % | 985 KB | 118,440 |
OP_RETURN Outputs by Year
OP_RETURN outputs
Y-axis: count per year
Average OP_RETURN Output Size (Payload Bytes) by Year
Y-axis: bytes per output (year)
Distribution
Bucket Distribution (log scale)
Bar length uses log10(count + 1) so long-tail buckets remain visible.
Payload Buckets
CSV| Bucket | Count | Share | First Seen (UTC) | First Height |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 512,920 | 0.2150 % | 2013-03-29 14:18:58 UTC | 228,596 |
| 1-40 | 204,032,356 | 85.5417 % | 2013-03-29 14:18:58 UTC | 228,596 |
| 41-75 | 5,813,209 | 2.4372 % | 2013-10-29 22:11:04 UTC | 266,766 |
| 76-80 | 28,132,309 | 11.7946 % | 2013-11-05 11:23:00 UTC | 268,060 |
| 81-223 | 23,726 | 0.0099 % | 2013-07-03 15:48:33 UTC | 244,591 |
| 224-255 | 1,496 | 0.0006 % | 2024-02-09 09:29:28 UTC | 829,644 |
| 256-1000 | 1,393 | 0.0006 % | 2013-11-05 11:23:00 UTC | 268,060 |
| 1001-10000 | 478 | 0.0002 % | 2024-01-26 21:44:26 UTC | 827,529 |
| 10001-20000 | 24 | 0.0000 % | 2024-10-30 16:52:39 UTC | 868,113 |
| 20001-40000 | 17 | 0.0000 % | 2024-11-18 03:26:28 UTC | 870,805 |
| 40001-60000 | 4 | 0.0000 % | 2024-11-18 00:31:51 UTC | 870,787 |
| 60001-80000 | 4 | 0.0000 % | 2024-11-17 06:59:15 UTC | 870,683 |
| 80001-100000 | 17 | 0.0000 % | 2025-05-10 09:14:50 UTC | 896,088 |
| 100001-200000 | 1 | 0.0000 % | 2026-05-18 18:30:04 UTC | 949,973 |
| 200001-300000 | 0 | 0.0000 % | – | – |
| 300001-400000 | 0 | 0.0000 % | – | – |
| 400001-500000 | 0 | 0.0000 % | – | – |
| 500001-600000 | 0 | 0.0000 % | – | – |
| 600001-700000 | 0 | 0.0000 % | – | – |
| 700001-800000 | 0 | 0.0000 % | – | – |
| 800001-900000 | 0 | 0.0000 % | – | – |
| 900001-1000000 | 2 | 0.0000 % | 2025-05-14 16:36:24 UTC | 896,696 |
| >1000000 | 0 | 0.0000 % | – | – |
Deep Dive
Record Milestones Timeline
Record max payload
Record max OP_RETURN outputs per tx
Milestones
CSV| Height | Time (UTC) | Type | Label | Transaction | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 706,966 | 2021-10-27 17:47:45 UTC | Record max OP_RETURN outputs per tx | New record: max OP_RETURN outputs in single tx | 5c4f...bd72 | 43 |
| 646,286 | 2020-09-01 14:29:26 UTC | Record max OP_RETURN outputs per tx | New record: max OP_RETURN outputs in single tx | 0fdd...b348 | 4 |
| 577,335 | 2019-05-23 02:31:24 UTC | Record max OP_RETURN outputs per tx | New record: max OP_RETURN outputs in single tx | d19b...eec6 | 3 |
| 310,818 | 2014-07-15 08:48:25 UTC | Record max OP_RETURN outputs per tx | New record: max OP_RETURN outputs in single tx | 464f...a47c | 2 |
| 268,060 | 2013-11-05 11:23:00 UTC | Record max payload | New record: max OP_RETURN payload bytes | d29c...bc9b | 983 |
| 268,060 | 2013-11-05 11:23:00 UTC | First in bucket 76-80 | First OP_RETURN payload in bucket 76-80 | e145...75be | – |
| 268,060 | 2013-11-05 11:23:00 UTC | First in bucket 256-1000 | First OP_RETURN payload in bucket 256-1000 | d29c...bc9b | – |
| 266,766 | 2013-10-29 22:11:04 UTC | First in bucket 41-75 | First OP_RETURN payload in bucket 41-75 | b45c...a96c | – |
| 257,727 | 2013-09-13 11:46:09 UTC | Record max payload | New record: max OP_RETURN payload bytes | a11b...e1ed | 190 |
| 244,591 | 2013-07-03 15:48:33 UTC | Record max payload | New record: max OP_RETURN payload bytes | e4d2...8595 | 134 |
Large Payload
Large Payload Activity by Month
TX count (payload >= 224 bytes)
Max payload in month (log scale)
Bars show monthly transaction count. Line shows monthly maximum payload size.
Payload Size Over Time (log scale)
Each point is one transaction with OP_RETURN payload >= 224 bytes.
Payload Size Distribution
Histogram buckets for transactions with OP_RETURN payload >= 224 bytes.
Top 20 Largest Payload Transactions with payload >= 224 bytes
Top transactions by maximum OP_RETURN payload bytes in tx.
Transactions with OP_RETURN payload >= 224 bytes
CSV| Height | Time (UTC) | Type | Label | Transaction | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 920,741 | 2025-10-25 15:29:02 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 14,149 bytes | 196a...0231 | 14,149 |
| 920,741 | 2025-10-25 15:29:02 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 10,632 bytes | a353...61e1 | 10,632 |
| 920,741 | 2025-10-25 15:29:02 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 1,004 bytes | b306...8c77 | 1,004 |
| 920,736 | 2025-10-25 14:41:22 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 40,456 bytes | 0ce9...b2da | 40,456 |
| 920,736 | 2025-10-25 14:41:22 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 28,616 bytes | 1765...cf7f | 28,616 |
| 920,736 | 2025-10-25 14:41:22 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 264 bytes | fa7b...f518 | 264 |
| 920,666 | 2025-10-25 02:53:31 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 7,983 bytes | 30c8...06f3 | 7,983 |
| 920,661 | 2025-10-25 02:21:54 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 42,681 bytes | 29fc...86be | 42,681 |
| 920,620 | 2025-10-24 21:42:58 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 5,556 bytes | 92df...fc6b | 5,556 |
| 920,356 | 2025-10-23 06:02:33 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 258 bytes | 123a...fada | 258 |
| 920,356 | 2025-10-23 06:02:33 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 966 bytes | 93b4...5075 | 966 |
| 920,317 | 2025-10-22 22:45:24 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 2,659 bytes | e203...ae11 | 2,659 |
| 920,262 | 2025-10-22 12:42:04 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 1,361 bytes | 10df...b685 | 1,361 |
| 920,262 | 2025-10-22 12:42:04 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 1,671 bytes | 2079...7d90 | 1,671 |
| 920,262 | 2025-10-22 12:42:04 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 1,270 bytes | 617a...17c6 | 1,270 |
| 920,262 | 2025-10-22 12:42:04 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 1,273 bytes | 990d...9bbe | 1,273 |
| 920,262 | 2025-10-22 12:42:04 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 1,551 bytes | bb57...435a | 1,551 |
| 920,262 | 2025-10-22 12:42:04 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 897 bytes | c877...7c1f | 897 |
| 920,218 | 2025-10-22 07:03:10 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 24,456 bytes | 0c4f...588d | 24,456 |
| 920,171 | 2025-10-22 00:09:00 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 252 bytes | 1f3f...1a44 | 252 |
| 920,171 | 2025-10-22 00:09:00 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 297 bytes | 308a...fa64 | 297 |
| 920,171 | 2025-10-22 00:09:00 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 6,120 bytes | cc0d...7587 | 6,120 |
| 920,171 | 2025-10-22 00:09:00 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 226 bytes | ed97...7e83 | 226 |
| 920,165 | 2025-10-21 22:55:56 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 1,004 bytes | 6aec...2e88 | 1,004 |
| 920,165 | 2025-10-21 22:55:56 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 1,758 bytes | dc6c...2001 | 1,758 |
| 920,126 | 2025-10-21 15:42:52 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 1,364 bytes | 6c36...4b85 | 1,364 |
| 920,104 | 2025-10-21 12:26:16 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 1,026 bytes | a3c3...8aee | 1,026 |
| 920,104 | 2025-10-21 12:26:16 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 1,026 bytes | b404...39d0 | 1,026 |
| 920,104 | 2025-10-21 12:26:16 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 1,026 bytes | d365...f7a2 | 1,026 |
| 920,095 | 2025-10-21 11:27:18 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 3,681 bytes | 3bd2...e244 | 3,681 |
| 920,095 | 2025-10-21 11:27:18 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 405 bytes | cdaf...6e6b | 405 |
| 920,037 | 2025-10-21 03:17:02 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 4,723 bytes | 7114...9370 | 4,723 |
| 920,037 | 2025-10-21 03:17:02 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 1,499 bytes | a4ff...d6d8 | 1,499 |
| 920,037 | 2025-10-21 03:17:02 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 5,554 bytes | ca9c...004f | 5,554 |
| 920,037 | 2025-10-21 03:17:02 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 1,184 bytes | eb05...96ed | 1,184 |
| 920,011 | 2025-10-20 22:42:13 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 363 bytes | 76be...28ff | 363 |
| 920,011 | 2025-10-20 22:42:13 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 1,105 bytes | 777f...2d50 | 1,105 |
| 920,011 | 2025-10-20 22:42:13 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 3,629 bytes | 7bcd...1e82 | 3,629 |
| 920,011 | 2025-10-20 22:42:13 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 1,579 bytes | ec75...c92e | 1,579 |
| 919,996 | 2025-10-20 20:29:50 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 875 bytes | 4502...8129 | 875 |
| 919,984 | 2025-10-20 19:35:24 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 1,551 bytes | 36ef...8749 | 1,551 |
| 919,984 | 2025-10-20 19:35:24 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 9,071 bytes | fecb...2bb2 | 9,071 |
| 919,426 | 2025-10-17 02:10:04 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 67,968 bytes | a804...119a | 67,968 |
| 919,408 | 2025-10-17 00:01:02 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 24,669 bytes | 9eaf...461e | 24,669 |
| 919,350 | 2025-10-16 14:44:38 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 25,907 bytes | 8f78...ca45 | 25,907 |
| 919,313 | 2025-10-16 08:27:13 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 3,695 bytes | 9ec4...9efb | 3,695 |
| 919,236 | 2025-10-15 20:05:38 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 23,759 bytes | 72c4...f317 | 23,759 |
| 918,540 | 2025-10-11 07:45:50 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 30,191 bytes | 917b...1505 | 30,191 |
| 918,512 | 2025-10-11 02:25:50 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 97,347 bytes | 156c...f077 | 97,347 |
| 917,645 | 2025-10-04 18:10:47 UTC | Large payload transaction | Seen tx with OP_RETURN payload of 247 bytes | 2a68...7d57 | 247 |